Which of the following would be classified as a situation where a third party benefits from a market transaction by others? O Increased levels of air pollution in neighborhoods near a football stadium Allowing a mining company to use a natural lake to discharge waste. City buying 10,000 trees for green-space renewal projects. Two firms trading pollution credits to avoid cutting their toxic emissions. Market failure describes a situation in which the market itself in a way that balances social costs and benefits. O remains outside the transaction fails to allocate resources efficiently O avoids externalities o incurs the costs outside the production process A public good is a good that is , and thus is difficult for market producers to sell to individual consumers. nonexcludable and nonrivalrous excludable or rivalrous O unexcludable or unrivaled O excludable and rivalrous In order for a good to be classified as when one person uses the good, others are also able to use it. O nonexcludable O unrivalrous nonrivalrous O unexcludable Many residents of a particular town enjoy taking their dogs with them when they go to their local park for recreation and picnics. Everybody enjoys the park more when each group cleans up after themselves and their pets, but nobody enjoys the act of cleaning up after themselves or their dogs. We can expect the park to be due to a o clean: prisoner's dilemma dirty : prisoner's dilemma O clean: positive externality O dirty : positive externality