A large vintage 6-liter straight six compression ignition (CI) truck engine operates on an air- standard Diesel cycle using heavy diesel fuel with a combustion efficiency of 98%. The engine has a compression ratio of 16.5:1. Temperature and pressure in the cylinders at the start of the compression stroke are 55 °C and 102 kPa, maximum cycle temperature is 2410 °C, and the engine is operating at 2000 rpm. Calculate: 1. temperature, pressure, and specific volume at each state of the cycle 2. air-fuel ratio of the cylinder gas mixture 3. cylinder temperature when the exhaust valve opens 4. indicated thermal efficiency of the engine 5. BHP of the engine Pressure, P Temperature, T 4 TDC BDC Specific Volume, v Entropy, s (b) Air-standard Diesel cycle, 6-1-2-3-4-5-6, which approximates the four-stroke cycle of an early CI engine on (a) pressure-specific volume coordinates, and (b) temperature-entropy coordinates. (a)