Above 882°c, titanium has a bcc crystal structure, with a = 0.332 nm. Below this temperature, titanium has a hcp structure, with a = 0.2978 nm and c = 0.4735 nm. Determine the percent volume change when bcc titanium transforms to hcp titanium. Is this a contraction or expansion?

Respuesta :

a = [tex]0.332 nm[/tex] for BCC crystal structure  (given)

a = [tex]0.2978 nm[/tex] and c = [tex]0.4735 nm[/tex] for HCP crystal structure (given)

Volume of BCC = [tex]a^{3}[/tex]

Substituting the value:

Volume of BCC = [tex](0.332 nm)^{3}[/tex] = [tex]0.3659 nm^{3}[/tex]

Volume of HCP = [tex]a^{2}\times c\times cos 30^{^{o}}[/tex]

Substituting the values:

Volume of HCP = [tex](0.2978 nm)^{2}\times 0.4735\times cos 30^{^{o}} = 0.03637 nm^{3}[/tex]

Percentage change is calculated as:

Percentage change = [tex]\frac{Volume of HCP - Volume of BCC}{Volume of BCC}[/tex][tex]\times 100[/tex]%

Substituting the values:

Percentage change = [tex]\frac{0.03637 nm^{3} - 0.03659 nm^{3}}{0.03659 nm^{3}}\times 100[/tex]%

Percentage change = [tex]-0.6[/tex]%

The negative sign in percentage change indicates that there is a contraction during cooling.