Mustafa Kemal Ataturk was a Turkish military leader, founder and first president of the Republic of Turkey. He was born May 19, 1881 in Thessaloniki, and died November 10, 1938 in Istanbul.
Explanation:
- On the ruins of a weakened Ottoman Empire, he succeeded in building a modern and powerful state through unpopular but consistent reforms.
- Under his rule, the role of faith in decision-making declined dramatically. It introduced free education, opened thousands of schools across the country, abolished discrimination against women and the function of the Sultan.
- Although Turkey was formally a democratic state during the reign of Kemal Ataturk, its firm hand did not give much freedom to political opponents.
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