Answer:
Explanation:
Polyions used in acid nomenclature can be confusing, but there is order in the kaos.
To understand this, one need be able to assign oxidation states to the non-oxy element in the polyion given followed by the -ous or -ic acid. That is, ...
oxidation name of name of
state of N polyion acid
-NO₂⁻ +3 nitrite ion Nitrous Acid
-NO₃⁻ +5 nitrate ion Nitric Acid
oxidation name of name of
state of S polyion acid
-SO₃²⁻ +4 sulfite ion Sulfurous Acid
-SO₄²⁻ +6 sulfate ion Sulfuric Acid
Other ions follow the same assignment trends with the non-oxy element oxidation state governing the nomenclature.
oxidation name of name of
state of Cl polyion acid
-ClO⁻ => +1 hypochlorous ion Hypochlorous Acid
-ClO₂⁻ => +3 chlorous ion Chlorous Acid
-ClO₃⁻ => +5 chlorite ion Chloric Acid
-ClO₄⁻ => +7 perchloric ion Perchloric Acid
oxidation name of name of
state of Br polyion acid
-BrO⁻ => +1 hypobromous ion Hypochlorous Acid
-BrO₂⁻ => +3 bromous ion Chlorous Acid
-BrO₃⁻ => +5 bromite ion Chloric Acid
-BrO₄⁻ => +7 perbromic ion Perchloric Acid
HC₂H₃O₂ => -C₂H₃O₂ => acetate ion => acetic acid
HC₂O₄ => - C₂O₄ => oxalate ion => oxalic acid
HMnO₄ => - MnO₄ => permanganate ion => permanganic acid
In summary ...
-ite ending => -ous acid
-ate ending => - ic acid
