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Estimate the percent ionic character of the ClF bond.


(Note that the electronegativity of Cl is 3.0 and that of F is 4.0.)

Express the percent ionic character in percent to two significant figures.

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Answer:

25%

Explanation:

A way to estimate the ionic character of a bond between two atoms is using the formula:

  • (χ₁-χ₂) / χ₁ * 100%

Where χ₁ is the electronegativity of the more electronegative atom of the bond, while χ₂ is the other atom's electronegativity.

In the case of this problem χ₁ is the electronegativity of F and χ₂ is Chlorine's.

So the estimate is:

  • (4.0-3.0) /4.0 * 100% = 25%

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