It's a group of people whose performance on a particular test is analyzed for reference in evaluating the performance of future test takers. this group is called normative sample
Sampling is the process of choosing a subset of people (a statistical sample) from a statistical population in order to estimate characteristics of the entire population. It is used in statistics, quality control, and survey technique. Statisticians try to get samples that are typical of the population under consideration. In situations where it is impractical to assess the complete population, sampling offers insights and is more affordable and quicker than doing so.
Each observation quantifies one or more characteristics of distinct things or people, such as their mass, position, colour, or weight.
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