The available IP address block is 192.168.1.0/24, and the requirement is to create four subnets for four departments:
Subnet A: 120 hosts
Subnet B: 50 hosts
Subnet C: 26 hosts
Subnet D: 2 hosts
Here are the steps to allocate the IPs for departments using VLSM:
- Select the block size for each segment. This must be greater than or at least equal to the sum of the host addresses, broadcast addresses and network addresses.
- List all possible subnets:
- Keeping the block size in mind, arrange all the segments in descending order, i.e., list the highest first, then the second highest, and so on, all the way down to the subnet with the lowest requirement. For this example, the order would be: i. Subnet A: 120 hosts ii. Subnet B: 50 hosts iii. Subnet C: 26 hosts iv. Subnet D: 2 hosts
- Assign the appropriate subnet mask to each subnet. Identify the highest IP available and allocate it to the highest requirement. So, here, 192.168.1.0/25 has 126 valid IP addresses that can be assigned to the 120 hosts required by Subnet A.
- For the next segment, an IP is required that can handle 50 hosts. The IP subnet mask /26 is the next highest in the list. It can accommodate 64 hosts, so it should be assigned to the 50-host requirement of Subnet B.
- Similarly, the requirements of Subnet C can be fulfilled by the next IP subnet /27 because it has 32 valid host IPs that can accommodate the 26 hosts required by this subnet.
- Finally, for the two IP addresses required by Subnet D, the subnet /29 can be selected. Because the block size of the subnet mask must be greater than or equal to the sum of the host addresses, broadcast addresses and network addresses, the subnet mask /30 with only two hosts should not be selected.
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