. Predictive safety management is:
a. Confidential reporting systems, flight data analysis, normal operations
monitoring.
b. Based upon the notion that safety management is best accomplished by
looking for errors, and not waiting for an undesirable event to occur.
c. Aggressively seeks information from which may indicate emerging safety
risks.
d. All of the above

Predictive safety management encompasses all the elements mentioned in the options. It involves the use of confidential reporting systems, flight data analysis, and normal operations monitoring to proactively identify and mitigate safety risks. It is based on the idea that safety management should focus on identifying errors and potential risks before they lead to undesirable events. Additionally, predictive safety management actively seeks information that may indicate emerging safety risks, allowing for timely interventions and preventive measures.